Cupping Protocol SCA — 10 Attribute Scoresheet
Protokol cupping standard SCA untuk evaluate batch coffee. Equipment, timing, scoring, common defects.
11 menit baca · Terakhir update 2026-04-23
Cupping adalah ritual tasting kopi profesional, digunakan roaster + buyer + Q-grader untuk evaluate batch. Standard SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) sudah digunakan global sejak 2004. Panduan ini breakdown full protokol untuk home enthusiast.
Equipment
Wajib
- Cupping bowls 5-6 pcs × 200ml — ceramic white (SCA-spec)
- SCA Cupping Bowl Set 5pcs (Rp 320-480k)
- Cupping spoons deep bowl (8-10ml capacity)
- Motta Professional Cupping Spoon (Rp 180-280k) — Italian classic
- Umeshiso The Cupping Spoon (Rp 380-550k import) — Japan design
- Brewista Cupping Spoon Gold-plated (Rp 450-650k) — premium
- Scale 0.1g
- Timer
- Kettle suhu 93°C
- Flavor wheel poster A3 — cetak dari SCA website, gratis
Optional
- Cupping spoon rinse cup — air panas untuk bersih spoon antar sample
- Digital thermometer — monitor break temperature
- WCR Sensory Lexicon Book (Rp 850k-1.35 juta import) — reference vocabulary
Protokol SCA Official
Dose Ratio
8.25g bubuk coffee per 150ml air. Untuk bowl 200ml = 11g kopi + 200ml air. Ratio 1:18.2.
Grind
Medium-coarse (kira-kira seperti batu pasir besar). Tidak ada paper filter di cupping — extraction via crust breaking.
Temp Air
93°C ±1°C. Kalau kettle tidak variable, boil lalu diamkan 30 detik sebelum tuang.
Timeline 4-Phase
Phase 1 — Fragrance Evaluation (0-15 menit)
Grind fresh semua sample. Tutup dengan piring kecil atau towel untuk preserve aroma.
Evaluasi:
- Cium fragrance kering (dry coffee grounds) — bubuk di cup belum dituang air
- Skor Fragrance di scoresheet
- Catat descriptors (floral, fruity, nutty, chocolate, dll)
Phase 2 — Pour + Crust Formation (4 menit)
- Timer start — tuang air panas ke semua cup bersamaan
- Pour harus full (tepat sampai bibir atas bowl) — Archimedes style
- Tunggu 4 menit full. Kopi akan crust di atas (crema-like cap)
Phase 3 — Breaking The Crust (4:00 — 4:30)
- Cium aroma basah (dry aroma jadi wet aroma — bisa berbeda)
- Break the crust dengan cupping spoon — push down + stir 3 kali
- Cium aroma close ke bowl (hidung dekat permukaan)
- Skor Aroma
Phase 4 — Skimming (4:30 — 8:00)
- Skim busa + grounds yang mengapung — dengan 2 spoon
- Biarkan kopi cool ke ±70°C (3-4 menit)
Phase 5 — Tasting (8:00 — selesai)
- Sedot kopi dengan spoon, slurp keras — aerate kopi ke tongue + palate dengan air
- Evaluate per attribute (lihat list di bawah)
- Spit kalau banyak sample (tidak langsung telan)
- Repeat 2-3 round — flavor berubah saat kopi cool
10 Attribute Scoring (SCA)
Setiap attribute scored 6.00 - 10.00 dengan increment 0.25. Total max 100 poin.
- Fragrance / Aroma — kopi kering + basah
- Flavor — rasa saat slurp (aroma + taste + mouthfeel gabungan)
- Aftertaste — rasa yang tinggal 15-30 detik setelah swallow
- Acidity — brightness, liveliness (bukan "sour negative")
- Body — mouthfeel thickness
- Balance — harmony semua aspek
- Sweetness — manis natural
- Clean Cup — tidak ada off-flavor, musty, earthy negatif
- Uniformity — konsistensi antar 5 cup di satu sample
- Overall — personal overall impression
Defects — taints (-2 tiap cup) dan faults (-4 tiap cup) dikurangkan.
Final Score:
- 80+ = Specialty grade
- 85+ = Premium specialty
- 90+ = Cup of Excellence territory
Common Defects
Primary Defects (Fault)
- Full black bean — 1 cukup untuk fault major
- Sour bean — fermentation uncontrolled
- Fungus damage — moldy
- Pod — biji cherry tidak di-dehull
Secondary Defects (Taint)
- Partial black — hanya sebagian hitam
- Broken / cut bean — physical damage
- Insect-damaged — lubang-lubang kecil
- Husk — fragmen cherry shell
- Hull / Floater — low density
Flavor Descriptor Vocabulary
Pakai SCA Flavor Wheel sebagai referensi. Categorize per level:
Level 1 (Broad)
Fruity, Floral, Sweet, Nutty/Cocoa, Spicy, Roasted, Chemical, Green/Veg, Earthy
Level 2 (Specific)
Di bawah Fruity → Berry, Citrus, Tropical, Stone Fruit, Other Fruit
Level 3 (Ultra specific)
Di bawah Berry → Blackberry, Raspberry, Blueberry, Strawberry
Indonesia Vocabulary
- Rasa-rasa familiar: gula aren, durian, nanas, tape, kayu manis, cengkeh, tempe, tobacco, dark chocolate
- Jangan force "berry Ethiopian" kalau kamu tidak pernah makan raspberry fresh
Setup Rekomendasi Home Cupping
Budget Tier 1 (Rp 500k)
- SCA bowl set 5pcs
- Hario cupping spoon (Rp 120-180k)
- Flavor wheel cetak sendiri
- Kettle + scale sudah punya
- Beans: 5-6 sample single-origin
Budget Tier 2 (Rp 1.5 juta)
- Tambah Motta spoon premium
- Umeshiso colorful spoons untuk differentiate
- Thermometer tusuk
Budget Tier 3 (Rp 3 juta+)
- Tambah WCR Sensory Lexicon book
- Le Nez du Café 12 Aromas kit (Rp 2.5-3.5 juta import)
Practice Regime
- Minggu 1-2: cupping 1 sample tunggal, focus mendeteksi broad descriptors
- Minggu 3-4: triangulation test (3 cup, 2 same + 1 different, identify odd one)
- Bulan 2+: multi-sample cupping (3-5 beans side-by-side)
- 6 bulan+: deliberate practice dengan mentor (join roaster cupping di Jakarta/Bandung)
Sumber
- SCA Protocols — cuppingprotocols.org (official)
- Counter Culture — Cupping 101 video
- James Hoffmann — "How to Cup Coffee"
- WCR Sensory Lexicon v2 (World Coffee Research)